Mohammad Heidari; Narges Khanjani; Aliakbar Haghdoost
Volume 19, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Suicide in Iran is more or less the problem of the western region of the country. Although previous studies have described the features of suicide, they didn’t study the trends through reliable methodology.Objectives: We study changes in temporal trends of suicide mortality in the west ...
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Background: Suicide in Iran is more or less the problem of the western region of the country. Although previous studies have described the features of suicide, they didn’t study the trends through reliable methodology.Objectives: We study changes in temporal trends of suicide mortality in the west of Iran using joinpoint regression analysis.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data for all registered suicide cases in western province of Kermanshah in Iran during 2003 - 2014 was retrieved from the death registry of Iranian legal medicine organization. After direct standardization of the rates, we analyzed data by joinpoint regression analysis to discover the main changes of the trends.Results: Overall suicide mortality has increased from 10.6 per 100,000 in 2003 to 12.4 in 2014, which equals to 1.5 % (+0.1 - + 2.8) annual percentage change (APC). Increase in suicide rate for women was remarkably higher than men (APC = 4.5 for women and 0.5 for men (P value < 0.001)). Majority of increase belonged to age group 20 - 29 in women and 30-39 in men. Old men have an increasing trend during the last decade. Hanging constantly increased in both genders with APC of 4.2 (+1.9 - + 6.5) while self-burning decreased after 2006 in women with APC of -5.9 (-12.6 - + 1.2) and poisoning increased in 2011 in men with APC of 17.0 (-4.0 - + 42.5). The number of suicide death in married couples has increased for both genders while for single women decreased in 2007. For women, suicide in low educated or illiterate decreased and in high educated increased, while in men it increased in both educational levels.Conclusions: Suicide in the west of Iran has increased slightly during 2003 - 2014 with remarkable differences for men and women. Suicide in old men and women has increased profoundly and may be due to losing their familial and social support in modern life. Pattern of suicide in women has changed dramatically from most rural, uneducated, and self-burned to most urban, high educated, and hanging use form.
Gohar Mohammadi; Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari; Yadollah Mehrabi; Ali Ghanbari Motlagh; Mohammad Heidari; Shahla Ghanbari
Volume 19, Issue 3 , March 2017, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: It is important to be able to predict cancer incidence and mortality rates for planning and managing the risk factors.Objectives: The present study investigated the changes in the incidence and mortality rates of five most common cancers in Iran.Methods: The cancer incidence and mortality ...
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Background: It is important to be able to predict cancer incidence and mortality rates for planning and managing the risk factors.Objectives: The present study investigated the changes in the incidence and mortality rates of five most common cancers in Iran.Methods: The cancer incidence and mortality data were obtained from the national cancer and mortality registries. Five most common cancers in both men and women were selected. Changes in the incidence and mortality rates of the selected cancers in both sexes were estimated by age group, annual percent change (APC), and average APC (AAPC) and then graphically displayed.Results: The most common cancers (except skin cancer) were breast, colorectal, stomach, esophageal, and thyroid cancers in women and stomach, prostate, bladder, colorectal, and esophageal cancers in men, respectively. The AAPCs of all cancer incidence rates had increased by 11.9% in men and 11.6% in women from 2002 to 2010. Also, the mortality rates had enhanced by 0.4% and 0.1% per year in men and women from 2006 to 2011, respectively. The greatest APC was reported in prostate cancer. The rate had increased by 41.9% from 2002 to 2004, by 13.4% from 2004 to 2008, andslowly augmented by 3.9% from 2008 to 2010. In women, the greatest APC was observed in colorectal cancer; the rate had enhanced by 13.4% per year from 2002 to 2010. The greatest increase for age-standardized mortality and incidence in 2011 was attributed to gastric cancer (12.5% and 17.1% per 100,000 men, respectively). In women, the highest age-standardized mortality rate was related to gastric cancer at 6.9% per 100,000 women. The incidence and mortality patterns of colorectal and esophageal cancers in men and women were similar, although they were slightly higher in menthan women.Conclusions: Overall, cancer incidence rates had increased in both sexes. Many factors were responsible, such as changes in lifestyle, environmental factors, increased life expectancy, improvements in the registration systems, and declining mortality rates due to early detection and treatment. The results of this study provided useful information for the prediction of changes in the incidence and mortality of cancer and subsequent design of cancer control programs in Iran.
